For the Tushetian people, sheep have long been more than just a source of sustenance – Tushi Shepherd is a cornerstone of Tushetians cultural identity, a symbol of resilience, and a connection to their ancestral roots that stretches back centuries. The tradition of sheep farming and shepherding is deeply ingrained in the fabric of Tushetian life, shaping the rhythms of their daily existence and providing a vital link to the land they call home.

Tushi Shepherd –  as a cornerstone of Tushetians cultural identity 

In Tusheti, where the rugged terrain and harsh climate make agriculture challenging, sheep farming has historically been one of the primary means of livelihood for local communities. For generations, Tushetian families have relied on their flocks not only for meat, milk, and wool but also for their ability to sustainably graze the alpine pastures, helping to maintain the delicate ecological balance of the highlands.

During the summer months, when the mountain slopes are blanketed in lush green grasses and wildflowers, Tushetian shepherds lead their flocks to graze in the high alpine meadows of Tusheti. Here, amid the breathtaking beauty of the Caucasus Mountains, the sheep thrive on the nutrient-rich vegetation, producing some of the finest wool in the region.

But as the days grow shorter and the temperatures begin to drop, the Tushetian shepherds must prepare for the harsh winter ahead. With the onset of cold weather, they gather their flocks and embark on a centuries-old tradition known as the transhumance—a seasonal migration from the highlands of Tusheti to the lowlands of Shiraki Valley and Vashlovani Protected Areas.

In these warmer, more hospitable climes, the sheep find refuge from the biting winds and heavy snows of winter, grazing on the sparse vegetation and finding shelter in the sheltered valleys and riverbanks. Here, the Tushetian shepherds continue to care for their flocks, braving the elements to ensure their well-being and survival through the long winter months.

Tushuri Pardagi – Tushetian Carpets

The tradition of sheep farming and shepherding in Tusheti is not only a means of livelihood but also a source of cultural pride and identity. It is reflected in the vibrant tapestry of Tushetian folk art and craftsmanship, including the intricate woolen carpets for which the region is famous.

Tushetian woolen carpets, known as “Tushuri Pardagi,” are woven by skilled artisans using traditional techniques passed down through generations. These exquisite carpets are prized for their exceptional quality and craftsmanship, featuring intricate geometric patterns and vibrant colors inspired by the natural beauty of the Caucasus Mountains.

Each carpet tells a story—a tale of Tushetian heritage and tradition, of the bond between the people and the land they call home. And as they adorn the floors of Tushetian homes and cultural institutions, these carpets serve as a tangible reminder of the enduring legacy of sheep farming and shepherding in Tusheti—a tradition that continues to thrive and evolve, connecting past, present, and future in a timeless embrace.